International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA)

The Supreme Court invalidated the Trump administration's broad tariff regime under IEEPA in February 2026. The USTR subsequently initiated extensive Section 301 investigations covering 99% of U.S. trade, targeting 16 economies for structural excess capacity and 60 for forced labor concerns. The administration aims to use Section 301 as a permanent mechanism for tariff authority, raising unresolved constitutional delegation questions.

Ford is set to receive a $1.3 billion refund from the U.S. government due to tariffs imposed under Trump's IEEPA, which were later invalidated by the Supreme Court. The refund represents a significant financial benefit for the Detroit-based automaker.

The US government launched a refund portal for importers and customs brokers to reclaim duties paid under President Trump's illegally imposed IEEPA tariffs, following a Supreme Court ruling. Over 330,000 importers paid $166 billion in these tariffs, but consumers who faced higher prices may not receive refunds. The Trump administration is reportedly exploring ways to avoid repaying the full amount.

U.S. businesses can apply for refunds of illegal tariffs starting Monday via a new CBP portal, following Supreme Court and Court of International Trade rulings. The process involves submitting CAPE declarations through the ACE system, with refunds expected within 60-90 days, though eligibility is limited to specific entries in the first phase.

A federal court is reviewing challenges to President Donald Trump's temporary global tariffs, which were imposed under Section 122 of the Trade Act of 1974 after the Supreme Court invalidated his initial IEEPA-based tariffs. The case centers on whether Section 122 authorizes tariffs to address trade deficits, with the tariffs set to expire in July 2026.