Indian Ocean Dipole
Coverage of Indian Ocean Dipole in the Nexus archive.
- Why is the Indian Ocean Dipole in the news
The Indian Ocean Dipole is in the news due to a forecasted 'Super El Niño' this year, raising questions about whether the 1997 situation could recur.
- PMD forecasts below-normal rainfall, high temperatures across most of country until September
The Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) forecasts below-normal rainfall and above-normal temperatures from July to September 2026, influenced by El Niño conditions and a transitioning Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). Most regions, including Punjab, Sindh, and Balochistan, are expected to experience reduced rainfall, while Gilgit-Baltistan, Kashmir, and upper Khyber Pakhtunkhwa may see normal to slightly above-normal precipitation. The PMD warns of increased risks of flash floods, landslides, and glacial lake outburst floods in mountainous areas.
- Large parts of country set to experience heatwave conditions from June 7 to 12: PMD
The Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) has issued a heatwave warning for multiple regions from June 7 to 12, with temperatures in some areas expected to reach 48°C–51°C. The advisory highlights risks for children, women, and senior citizens, urges caution for farmers, and notes potential dust storms in south Punjab and Sindh.